A policy was developed to provide cost effective winter maintenance operations and to inform the public about the level of winter maintenance services for roadways maintained by the Road Commission. Winter maintenance operations are conducted in accordance with the established priority system based on traffic volumes, road classification, and location. The priorities are as follows:

1. State Trunklines
2. Multi-lane Primary Roads
3. Primary Roads
4. Local Paved Roads
5. Subdivision Streets
6. Local Gravel Roads
7. Dead End Streets and Cul-de-sacs

Winter Maintenance Operations Policy

Salt Management Plan

Do not attempt to pass snow plow vehicles while they are plowing. Never attempt to pass a snow plow on the right.

Do not crowd the plow! Plow drivers have limited visibility and they cannot see directly
behind their trucks. Please be aware that snow plow trucks may back up at intersections.

Be sure your windshield is clear of ice and snow. Make sure washer fluids are full, tires have proper air pressure and tread, and your vehicle is equipped with essential emergency equipment.

Posted speeds are for ideal road conditions. Michigan law requires motorists to drive at a “careful and prudent speed” in all conditions. Reduce speeds and increase following distances. Accelerate and brake slowly and avoid over-steering.

Beware of ice patches. Bridges and overpasses freeze first.

Avoid distractions. Don’t talk on your cell or text.

Always wear your safety belt. Ensure that all passengers are properly buckled, and children are in appropriate child-restraints.

Our plow drivers often deal with low visibility during winter weather events. Snow is constantly flying onto the windshield and around the plow truck.

These conditions make it a challenge for our drivers to see anyone along the road — both children playing and homeowners shoveling or blowing snow on their driveways.

Move away from the side of the road. Just because you can see or hear the plow truck doesn’t mean the driver can see you! Make sure your far enough off of the road and away from the truck when it is operating in your vicinity.

Plows can throw large chunks of ice into ditches when plowing, these chunks of snow and ice could cause you to become injured.

Never ‘tunnel’ or build roadside forts. Make sure you remind your children that it is never a good idea to tunnel into snow or build forts in the snowbanks along the side of the road. Our drivers will not be able to see you, and if you’re in the tunnel, you could be “snowed in” when a truck plows next to you.

Wear bright colors. Wearing bright colors helps our drivers see you better if you happen to be adjacent to the road while crews are operating.

If a mailbox is damaged by Road Commission equipment or snow thrown from Road Commission equipment during winter maintenance operations, the property owner may receive a new standard mailbox and/or a single 4”x4” wood post at one of the garage locations.

The property owner is responsible to remove the damaged mailbox/post and to install the replacement mailbox/post.

The locations are open Monday through Friday, except on holidays or observed holidays established by the Board. Appointments are made between the hours of 7:30AM and 3:30PM. Please call (616) 842-5400 for an appointment.

The property owner shall provide either the actual damaged mailbox/post or a photo of the actual damaged mailbox/post before a new standard mailbox and/or a single 4”x4” wood post can be issued. Upon receipt of a new mailbox and/or post, the property owner shall sign a register and provide the property address.

• Mailbox Installation Policy
• Mailbox Damage Policy
• Shake Your Mailbox
• Snow Deflector Information

Snow Shoveling Tips

Shoveling or plowing snow from driveways onto or across roads is illegal (Act 82 of 1978, vehicle code 257.677A) as it can present a serious traffic hazard to motorists.

Pile snow behind the curb or shoulder on your side of the road. Be sure to place snow to the right as you face the road, so plows will push it away from, rather back into, the driveway entrance. It is also important to avoid vision obstructions.

Care should be taken not to impede the flow of stormwater from melting snow in the ditches or culverts.

Trash Can Placement Tips

Heavy snow accumulation, combined with icy roads and/or poor visibility during winter
maintenance activities, can make it difficult for snowplows to avoid garbage cans placed
alongside the road.

During snowstorms, it may be necessary to postpone putting your trash out on pick-up days.

Here are a few helpful tips to make managing trash disposal easy this winter:

• When you dig out your driveway, also make a spot for your trash can.
• Do not place garbage cans in the street.
• Do not place garbage cans on top of the snow piles.
• Get up a bit early in the morning to put out the trash instead of the night before.
• Retrieve your garbage cans soon after collection.

Following these simple steps will make it easier for snowplow and garbage truck drivers and safer for the traveling public.

Over time roadways deteriorate and develop cracks and other defects. Snow and moisture pass through the cracks and seep into the underlying gravel base and sub-soils. The cold weather causes freezing and expansion of the moist gravel and sub-soils. As a result, the asphalt surface rises up in places in the road. This is called frost heave.

In the spring, the temperature begins to rise, the ground thaws, and the gravel and sub-soils settle leaving air pockets under the pavement. Vehicles driving over the air pockets and weakened pavement force the asphalt surface to collapse, creating a pothole.

The Road Commission utilizes two methods to patch potholes.

The first, Cold Patch, also known as cold asphalt, is the most common method to fill potholes because it can be applied right from the truck without heating. Cold patch also does not require any special heavy rolling machines or special applicators as it can be shoveled into the pothole.

Cold patch is not dependent upon warm weather. Road crews like cold patch because it retains its pliable properties when the temperature drops, so it can be used year round.

The second, Dura Patch, is a method that utilizes specialized equipment to patch potholes instead of workers with shovels, tampers and cold patch. The Dura Patch system cleans the area with compressed air, applies a tack coat, sprays the emulsion/ aggregate mix into the pothole with sufficient force to compact the material as it is applied, and then follows with dry aggregate to prevent lifting.

Dura patch is dependent upon warmer weather and is typically only used in the late spring, summer, and early fall months.

If you notice a pothole, please contact our office at 616-842-5400 to report the pothole location or utilize our online service request form.

The Ottawa County Road Commission picks up and disposes of dead deer within the road right-of-way as a courtesy service for the public. Deer removal is typically done once per week when crews are not conducting winter maintenance operations. This service is limited to dead deer only.

To submit information about the location of a dead deer for removal, contact our office by calling 616-842-5400 or utilize our online service request form.

Please note that OCRC does NOT remove dead deer from yards/areas outside the road right-of-way.

Winter maintenance activities include applying salt and sand, as well as plowing snow on roads and shoulders. During a typical year, the Road Commission will respond to approximately 50 winter maintenance call outs and will use about 20,000 to 25,000 tons of salt, and 14,000 to 18,000 tons of sand.

The cost of winter maintenance can easily be up to $3.1 million annually, depending upon inclement weather conditions and the duration of the winter months.

Our Winter Maintenance Operations Policy was crafted to provide cost-effective winter maintenance operations and to inform the public about the level of winter maintenance services for roadways maintained by the Road Commission.

Winter maintenance operations are conducted in accordance with the established priority system based on traffic volumes, road classification and location. The priorities are as follows:

1 – State Trunklines
2 – Multi-lane Primary Roads
3 – Primary Roads
4 – Local Paved Roads
5 – Subdivision Streets
6 – Local Gravel Roads
7 – Dead End Streets and Cul-de-sacs

Ottawa County Road Commission frost sensors, which look like surveillance cameras, are mounted on poles across Ottawa County to help track weather conditions such as air and road temperatures, dew point and humidity.

Tracking these elements allows the Road Commission to better serve the community by improving the driving experience for residents and helping determine which areas need more attention by maintenance staff as the snow falls.

How it works:

1. Frost sensors monitor air temperature, road temperature, dew point and humidity, and the data is sent back to our supervisors every 20 minutes.
2. Cloud-based software organizes data, sends alerts, and displays charts.
3. Road Commission Supervisors monitor conditions and receive alerts on both desktop and mobile devices.
4. Supervisors direct OCRC crew to areas that need more attention for winter maintenance.

If a mailbox is damaged by Road Commission equipment or snow thrown from Road Commission equipment during winter maintenance operations, the property owner may receive a new standard mailbox and/or a single 4”x4” wood post at one of the garage locations.

The property owner is responsible to remove the damaged mailbox/post and to install the replacement mailbox/post.

The locations are open Monday through Friday, except on holidays or observed holidays established by the Board. Appointments are made between the hours of 7:30AM and 3:30PM. Please call (616) 842-5400 for an appointment.

The property owner shall provide either the actual damaged mailbox/post or a photo of the actual damaged mailbox/post before a new standard mailbox and/or a single 4”x4” wood post can be issued. Upon receipt of a new mailbox and/or post, the property owner shall sign a register and provide the property address.

Mailbox Damage & Replacement Policy

Homeowners are responsible for removing snow in front of their driveways.

Be aware that shoveling or plowing snow from driveways onto or across roads is illegal (Act 82 of 1978, vehicle code 257.677A) because it can present a serious traffic hazard to motorists.

Instead, pile the snow behind the curb or shoulder on your side of the road. Be sure to place snow to the right as you face the road, so plows will push it away from, rather back into, the driveway entrance. It is also important to avoid vision obstructions. Care should be taken not to impede the flow of stormwater from melting snow in the ditches or culverts.

Citizens should also make certain that their trash containers are not placed too close to the edge of the road before snow removal has taken place, and should also know that it is the responsibility of the property owner to keep areas in front of mailboxes clear for mail delivery.

Putting salt on the road surface prior to a snowfall generally will waste time and money. Salt will not adhere to a dry road during application and the portion that manages to land in the right location is subject to wind or traffic which blows or pushes it off the road before it can do its job.

Salt is most effective after snow has accumulated and the temperature is 20° Fahrenheit or higher. Under these conditions, the salt and snow will mix, melting snow into a slush that can be plowed off the pavement. (This melting action generally occurs within two hours, less if traffic is present.)

If the temperature is below 20°F, the salt will have difficulty melting the snow and ice, so other methods are typically used.

Abrasives (like sand) are often put down for traction. Calcium chloride or other liquid treatments can be added to enhance the ability to melt the ice and snow.

The Road Commission may change the mixture of salt and additives based on the ground temperature.

Even while the air and road surface temperatures drop, the heat underneath the road keeps it warm enough to delay icing as temperatures drop below freezing.

Bridges have no way to trap heat and are exposed to cold air on all sides, so they continually lose heat and freeze shortly after air temperatures hit the freezing point.

A bridge will follow the air temperature very closely. If the air temperature falls below freezing, a bridge’s surface will fall below freezing very quickly causing rain or snow to freeze and stick to the road surface.

There are no state laws that prohibit passing a snowplow. However, the action of passing can be extremely dangerous because pavement conditions vary across the path taken to pass.

Snowplows may be equipped with wing plow blades that can extend anywhere between 2 and 10 feet beyond the width of the truck. This wing plow blade is often not seen because of the snow cloud being kicked up by the snowplow.

These wing plows can often weigh as much as a compact car.

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The Road Commission installs wooden stakes to mark the edge of pavement prior to the first snow event. The stakes are typically installed at intersections or curves that are difficult for the snow plow drivers to judge. These stakes may break off after a couple of plowing operations, but they do serve a purpose in establishing appropriate plowing limits.

Residents may stake their yards, but sometimes, property damage occurs when plows are operating.

The Road Commission does not assume liability for any damage to obstacles placed within the right of way. This includes, but isn’t limited to, decorative fencing, landscaping, and sprinklers.

If possible, remove these items or mark them clearly to aid snow plow drivers.

Right of way lawn damage is repaired in the spring.

Note: The placement of metal stakes along the road right of way is always prohibited.

Despite best efforts, sod along the edge of the road (within the right of way) occasionally may be damaged during snow removal activities.

In general, OCRC will repair lawn damage by a snow plow or truck in the right of way portion of the road during the spring. Residents who experience this damage are asked to contact the Road Commission by phone at 616-842-5400 or submit an online service request.